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James Connor
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Title Professor
Institution College of Medicine
Department Neurosurgery
Address 500 University Drive Hershey PA 17033
 Mailbox: H110
Telephone 7175314541
Email
Background
PREFERRED TITLE/ROLE:

Distinguished Professor of Neurosurgery, Neural and Behavioral Sciences and Pediatrics
Vice Chair of Neurosurgery Research
Director, Center for Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases

SECONDARY APPOINTMENT(S)/ INSTITUTE(S)/ CENTER(S):

Neuroscience Institute

GRADUATE PROGRAM AFFILIATIONS:

Anatomy, Cell and Molecular Biology, Integrative Biosciences, MD/PhD Degree Program, Neuroscience, Nutrition

EDUCATION:

Ph.D., University of California, Berkeley, 1981
Postdoctoral Training, Boston University School of Medicine, 1981-1983

NARRATIVE:

The projects in my laboratory are designed to understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which cells regulate their iron status. Iron is essential for normal function but at the same time too much iron can be toxic. Therefore cells have an exquisite system for regulating iron levels. When these regulatory mechanims become dysfunctional either through damage, disease or genetic modification cell behavior is abnormal and they sometimes die. Iron imbalance is associated with a prooxidative stress and a proinflammatory environment. Much of our work has focused on mechanisms responsible for regulating iron in the brain. One basic function in which iron is required in the brain is for the production of myelin. We have shown that too little iron during perinatal development will result in hypomyelination. We have also provided evidence that iron can contribute to Multiple Sclerosis (MS). We have established that there is too much iron in the brain in a number of neurological disorders including Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's Diseases (PD). In contrast, there appears to be too little iron in the brain in a disorder known as Restless Legs Syndrome. What is clear from our studies is that optimal brain function requires a tightly regulated iron supply and that the iron must be delivered in a timely manner. To determine the mechanism(s) for brain iron delivery and the regulation of those mechanisms we have focused on a number of mouse and rat mutants as a model of human diseases in which the ability to acquire, moblize or store iron has been disrupted. In the context of these studies we have generated a very promising mouse line in which the gene for the iron storage protein, ferritin, has been deleted. This model is helping to understand the contribution of loss of brain iron homeostatic mechanisms to those changes seen in the brain with AD, PD and MS. In the course of these studies on ferritin, we found that in addition to the cytoplasmic location, ferritin can be found in cell nuclei under some conditions. This observation has led us to basic molecular studies on DNA binding and protection as well as intracellular trafficking of ferritin. The evidence strongly indicates that nuclear ferritin is associated with tumorigenesis. Another avenue under exploration in the context of homeostatic mechanisms is the analysis of gene mutations that lead to disruption of iron status. We have identified mutations in the Hfe gene as a risk factor for Alzheimer's Disease and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (Lou Gehrig's Disease). The Hfe protein is thought to limit iron uptake by cells and a mutation in this protein may promote inflammation and oxidative stress. We also have a line of research aimed at understanding mechanisms of iron uptake into the brain. This line of research should provide insight into how too much iron can enter the brain in disease states. These studies have led to one particularly novel and important finding of a new receptor in the brain for ferritin. This receptor is expressed only by oligodendrocytes in the brain. We are investigating the possibility that the selective expression of ferritin receptors on oligodendrocytes may have medically important implications for Multiple Sclerosis.

In regard to function of iron in the brain, one area of focus is the regulation of those proteins responsible for iron management in cells. The iron management proteins are regulated by cytoplasmic mRNA binding proteins that are known are iron regulatory proteins. Our project is to determine how the cytoplasmic mRNA binding proteins find their target mRNAs. The outcome of these studies may help us understand how a cell can become iron overloaded but also will contribute significantly to our general knowledge of post-transcriptional gene regulation. One additional approach which is aimed at understanding the function of iron in cells is gene expression profiling. In these studies we have asked the question: "what does it mean to a cell at the molecular level to be iron loaded or iron starved". So far, we have identified a dozen novel genes and a number of genes not previously known to be iron responsive. These data are relevant to cancer and Alzheimer's Disease and Restless Legs Syndrome.

Finally, to examine the consequences of iron mismanagement in the brain, we utilize both cell culture and animal models. The cell culture model seeks to identify the intracellular events associated with iron induced stress and uses state of the art microscopic and flurimetric techniques. Sara Robb received the Marian Kies Award from the American Society of Neurochemistry for outstanding graduate research for developing this model in my laboratory.
Publications
1. Nandar W, Neely EB, Unger E, Connor JR. A mutation in the HFE gene is associated with altered brain iron profiles and increased oxidative stress in mice. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013 Jun; 1832(6):729-41.
  View in: PubMed
 
2. Alkhateeb AA, Han B, Connor JR. Ferritin stimulates breast cancer cells through an iron-independent mechanism and is localized within tumor-associated macrophages. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2013 Feb; 137(3):733-44.
  View in: PubMed
 
3. Alkhateeb AA, Leitzel K, Ali SM, Campbell-Baird C, Evans M, Fuchs EM, Köstler WJ, Lipton A, Connor J. Elevation in inflammatory serum biomarkers predicts response to trastuzumab-containing therapy. PLoS One. 2012; 7(12):e51379.
  View in: PubMed
 
4. Rao R, Tkac I, Unger EL, Ennis K, Hurst A, Schallert T, Connor J, Felt B, Georgieff MK. Iron supplementation dose for perinatal iron deficiency differentially alters the neurochemistry of the frontal cortex and hippocampus in adult rats. Pediatr Res. 2013 Jan; 73(1):31-7.
  View in: PubMed
 
5. Patton SM, Coe CL, Lubach GR, Connor JR. Quantitative Proteomic Analyses of Cerebrospinal Fluid Using iTRAQ in a Primate Model of Iron Deficiency Anemia. Dev Neurosci. 2012; 34(4):354-65.
  View in: PubMed
 
6. Unger EL, Hurst AR, Georgieff MK, Schallert T, Rao R, Connor JR, Kaciroti N, Lozoff B, Felt B. Behavior and monoamine deficits in prenatal and perinatal iron deficiency are not corrected by early postnatal moderate-iron or high-iron diets in rats. J Nutr. 2012 Nov; 142(11):2040-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
7. Liu Y, Connor JR. Iron and ER stress in neurodegenerative disease. Biometals. 2012 Aug; 25(4):837-45.
  View in: PubMed
 
8. Wang J, Shaffer ML, Eslinger PJ, Sun X, Weitekamp CW, Patel MM, Dossick D, Gill DJ, Connor JR, Yang QX. Maturational and aging effects on human brain apparent transverse relaxation. PLoS One. 2012; 7(2):e31907.
  View in: PubMed
 
9. Otto M, Bowser R, Turner M, Berry J, Brettschneider J, Connor J, Costa J, Cudkowicz M, Glass J, Jahn O, Lehnert S, Malaspina A, Parnetti L, Petzold A, Shaw P, Sherman A, Steinacker P, Süssmuth S, Teunissen C, Tumani H, Wuolikainen A, Ludolph A. Roadmap and standard operating procedures for biobanking and discovery of neurochemical markers in ALS. Amyotroph Lateral Scler. 2012 Jan; 13(1):1-10.
  View in: PubMed
 
10. Leitner DF, Connor JR. Functional roles of transferrin in the brain. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012 Mar; 1820(3):393-402.
  View in: PubMed
 
11. Mairuae N, Connor JR, Cheepsunthorn P. Increased cellular iron levels affect matrix metalloproteinase expression and phagocytosis in activated microglia. Neurosci Lett. 2011 Aug 1; 500(1):36-40.
  View in: PubMed
 
12. Connor JR, Ponnuru P, Lee BY, Podskalny GD, Alam S, Allen RP, Earley CJ, Yang QX. Postmortem and imaging based analyses reveal CNS decreased myelination in restless legs syndrome. Sleep Med. 2011 Jun; 12(6):614-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
13. Lee SY, Liu S, Mitchell RM, Slagle-Webb B, Hong YS, Sheehan JM, Connor JR. HFE polymorphisms influence the response to chemotherapeutic agents via induction of p16INK4A. Int J Cancer. 2011 Nov 1; 129(9):2104-14.
  View in: PubMed
 
14. Patton SM, Ponnuru P, Snyder AM, Podskalny GD, Connor JR. Hypoxia-inducible factor pathway activation in restless legs syndrome patients. Eur J Neurol. 2011 Nov; 18(11):1329-35.
  View in: PubMed
 
15. Todorich B, Zhang X, Connor JR. H-ferritin is the major source of iron for oligodendrocytes. Glia. 2011 Jun; 59(6):927-35.
  View in: PubMed
 
16. Connor JR, Ponnuru P, Wang XS, Patton SM, Allen RP, Earley CJ. Profile of altered brain iron acquisition in restless legs syndrome. Brain. 2011 Apr; 134(Pt 4):959-68.
  View in: PubMed
 
17. Bartzokis G, Lu PH, Tingus K, Peters DG, Amar CP, Tishler TA, Finn JP, Villablanca P, Altshuler LL, Mintz J, Neely E, Connor JR. Gender and iron genes may modify associations between brain iron and memory in healthy aging. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2011 Jun; 36(7):1375-84.
  View in: PubMed
 
18. Liu X, Madhankumar AB, Slagle-Webb B, Sheehan JM, Surguladze N, Connor JR. Heavy chain ferritin siRNA delivered by cationic liposomes increases sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents. Cancer Res. 2011 Mar 15; 71(6):2240-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
19. Weston CL, Glantz MJ, Connor JR. Detection of cancer cells in the cerebrospinal fluid: current methods and future directions. Fluids Barriers CNS. 2011; 8(1):14.
  View in: PubMed
 
20. Liu Y, Lee SY, Neely E, Nandar W, Moyo M, Simmons Z, Connor JR. Mutant HFE H63D protein is associated with prolonged endoplasmic reticulum stress and increased neuronal vulnerability. J Biol Chem. 2011 Apr 15; 286(15):13161-70.
  View in: PubMed
 
21. Nandar W, Connor JR. HFE gene variants affect iron in the brain. J Nutr. 2011 Apr 1; 141(4):729S-739S.
  View in: PubMed
 
22. Hadziahmetovic M, Song Y, Ponnuru P, Iacovelli J, Hunter A, Haddad N, Beard J, Connor JR, Vaulont S, Dunaief JL. Age-dependent retinal iron accumulation and degeneration in hepcidin knockout mice. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011 Jan; 52(1):109-18.
  View in: PubMed
 
23. Radenahmad N, Saleh F, Sawangjaroen K, Vongvatcharanon U, Subhadhirasakul P, Rundorn W, Withyachumnarnkul B, Connor JR. Young coconut juice, a potential therapeutic agent that could significantly reduce some pathologies associated with Alzheimer's disease: novel findings. Br J Nutr. 2011 Mar; 105(5):738-46.
  View in: PubMed
 
24. Snyder AM, Neely EB, Levi S, Arosio P, Connor JR. Regional and cellular distribution of mitochondrial ferritin in the mouse brain. J Neurosci Res. 2010 Nov 1; 88(14):3133-43.
  View in: PubMed
 
25. Mairuae N, Hall Ii EC, Cheepsunthorn P, Lee SY, Connor JR. The H63D HFE gene variant promotes activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway via mitochondria dysfunction following ß-amyloid peptide exposure. J Neurosci Res. 2010 Nov 1; 88(14):3079-89.
  View in: PubMed
 
26. Wang J, Eslinger PJ, Doty RL, Zimmerman EK, Grunfeld R, Sun X, Meadowcroft MD, Connor JR, Price JL, Smith MB, Yang QX. Olfactory deficit detected by fMRI in early Alzheimer's disease. Brain Res. 2010 Oct 21; 1357:184-94.
  View in: PubMed
 
27. Mitchell RM, Simmons Z, Beard JL, Stephens HE, Connor JR. Plasma biomarkers associated with ALS and their relationship to iron homeostasis. Muscle Nerve. 2010 Jul; 42(1):95-103.
  View in: PubMed
 
28. Aschner M, Levin ED, Suñol C, Olopade JO, Helmcke KJ, Avila DS, Sledge D, Ali RH, Upchurch L, Donerly S, Linney E, Forsby A, Ponnuru P, Connor JR. Gene-environment interactions: neurodegeneration in non-mammals and mammals. Neurotoxicology. 2010 Sep; 31(5):582-8.
  View in: PubMed
 
29. Alkhateeb AA, Connor JR. Nuclear ferritin: A new role for ferritin in cell biology. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2010 Aug; 1800(8):793-7.
  View in: PubMed
 
30. Todorich B, Olopade JO, Surguladze N, Zhang X, Neely E, Connor JR. The mechanism of vanadium-mediated developmental hypomyelination is related to destruction of oligodendrocyte progenitors through a relationship with ferritin and iron. Neurotox Res. 2011 Apr; 19(3):361-73.
  View in: PubMed
 
31. McEchron MD, Alexander DN, Smith ME, Hoffman DL, Podskalny GD, Connor JR. Altered eyeblink reflex conditioning in restless legs syndrome patients. Sleep Med. 2010 Mar; 11(3):314-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
32. Hall EC, Lee SY, Simmons Z, Neely EB, Nandar W, Connor JR. Prolyl-peptidyl isomerase, Pin1, phosphorylation is compromised in association with the expression of the HFE polymorphic allele, H63D. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2010 Apr; 1802(4):389-95.
  View in: PubMed
 
33. Bartzokis G, Lu PH, Tishler TA, Peters DG, Kosenko A, Barrall KA, Finn JP, Villablanca P, Laub G, Altshuler LL, Geschwind DH, Mintz J, Neely E, Connor JR. Prevalent iron metabolism gene variants associated with increased brain ferritin iron in healthy older men. J Alzheimers Dis. 2010; 20(1):333-41.
  View in: PubMed
 
34. Snyder AM, Wang X, Patton SM, Arosio P, Levi S, Earley CJ, Allen RP, Connor JR. Mitochondrial ferritin in the substantia nigra in restless legs syndrome. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2009 Nov; 68(11):1193-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
35. Hall EC, Lee SY, Mairuae N, Simmons Z, Connor JR. Expression of the HFE allelic variant H63D in SH-SY5Y cells affects tau phosphorylation at serine residues. Neurobiol Aging. 2011 Aug; 32(8):1409-19.
  View in: PubMed
 
36. Connor JR, Ghio AJ. The impact of host iron homeostasis on disease. Preface. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2009 Jul; 1790(7):581-2.
  View in: PubMed
 
37. Mitchell RM, Lee SY, Simmons Z, Connor JR. HFE polymorphisms affect cellular glutamate regulation. Neurobiol Aging. 2011 Jun; 32(6):1114-23.
  View in: PubMed
 
38. Connor JR, Wang XS, Allen RP, Beard JL, Wiesinger JA, Felt BT, Earley CJ. Altered dopaminergic profile in the putamen and substantia nigra in restless leg syndrome. Brain. 2009 Sep; 132(Pt 9):2403-12.
  View in: PubMed
 
39. Meadowcroft MD, Connor JR, Smith MB, Yang QX. MRI and histological analysis of beta-amyloid plaques in both human Alzheimer's disease and APP/PS1 transgenic mice. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2009 May; 29(5):997-1007.
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40. Todorich B, Pasquini JM, Garcia CI, Paez PM, Connor JR. Oligodendrocytes and myelination: the role of iron. Glia. 2009 Apr 1; 57(5):467-78.
  View in: PubMed
 
41. Earley CJ, Allen RP, Connor JR, Ferrucci L, Troncoso J. The dopaminergic neurons of the A11 system in RLS autopsy brains appear normal. Sleep Med. 2009 Dec; 10(10):1155-7.
  View in: PubMed
 
42. Madhankumar AB, Slagle-Webb B, Wang X, Yang QX, Antonetti DA, Miller PA, Sheehan JM, Connor JR. Efficacy of interleukin-13 receptor-targeted liposomal doxorubicin in the intracranial brain tumor model. Mol Cancer Ther. 2009 Mar; 8(3):648-54.
  View in: PubMed
 
43. Mitchell RM, Lee SY, Randazzo WT, Simmons Z, Connor JR. Influence of HFE variants and cellular iron on monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. J Neuroinflammation. 2009; 6:6.
  View in: PubMed
 
44. Chiò A, Schymick JC, Restagno G, Scholz SW, Lombardo F, Lai SL, Mora G, Fung HC, Britton A, Arepalli S, Gibbs JR, Nalls M, Berger S, Kwee LC, Oddone EZ, Ding J, Crews C, Rafferty I, Washecka N, Hernandez D, Ferrucci L, Bandinelli S, Guralnik J, Macciardi F, Torri F, Lupoli S, Chanock SJ, Thomas G, Hunter DJ, Gieger C, Wichmann HE, Calvo A, Mutani R, Battistini S, Giannini F, Caponnetto C, Mancardi GL, La Bella V, Valentino F, Monsurrò MR, Tedeschi G, Marinou K, Sabatelli M, Conte A, Mandrioli J, Sola P, Salvi F, Bartolomei I, Siciliano G, Carlesi C, Orrell RW, Talbot K, Simmons Z, Connor J, Pioro EP, Dunkley T, Stephan DA, Kasperaviciute D, Fisher EM, Jabonka S, Sendtner M, Beck M, Bruijn L, Rothstein J, Schmidt S, Singleton A, Hardy J, Traynor BJ. A two-stage genome-wide association study of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Hum Mol Genet. 2009 Apr 15; 18(8):1524-32.
  View in: PubMed
 
45. Mitchell RM, Freeman WM, Randazzo WT, Stephens HE, Beard JL, Simmons Z, Connor JR. A CSF biomarker panel for identification of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neurology. 2009 Jan 6; 72(1):14-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
46. Todorich B, Zhang X, Slagle-Webb B, Seaman WE, Connor JR. Tim-2 is the receptor for H-ferritin on oligodendrocytes. J Neurochem. 2008 Dec; 107(6):1495-505.
  View in: PubMed
 
47. Connor JR, Wang XS, Neely EB, Ponnuru P, Morita H, Beard J. Comparative study of the influence of Thy1 deficiency and dietary iron deficiency on dopaminergic profiles in the mouse striatum. J Neurosci Res. 2008 Nov 1; 86(14):3194-202.
  View in: PubMed
 
48. Snyder AM, Connor JR. Iron, the substantia nigra and related neurological disorders. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2009 Jul; 1790(7):606-14.
  View in: PubMed
 
49. Connor JR. Pathophysiology of restless legs syndrome: evidence for iron involvement. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2008 Mar; 8(2):162-6.
  View in: PubMed
 
50. Allen RP, Connor JR, Hyland K, Earley CJ. Abnormally increased CSF 3-Ortho-methyldopa (3-OMD) in untreated restless legs syndrome (RLS) patients indicates more severe disease and possibly abnormally increased dopamine synthesis. Sleep Med. 2009 Jan; 10(1):123-8.
  View in: PubMed
 
51. Geguchadze RN, Coe CL, Lubach GR, Clardy TW, Beard JL, Connor JR. CSF proteomic analysis reveals persistent iron deficiency-induced alterations in non-human primate infants. J Neurochem. 2008 Apr; 105(1):127-36.
  View in: PubMed
 
52. Zinnanti WJ, Lazovic J, Housman C, LaNoue K, O'Callaghan JP, Simpson I, Woontner M, Goodman SI, Connor JR, Jacobs RE, Cheng KC. Mechanism of age-dependent susceptibility and novel treatment strategy in glutaric acidemia type I. J Clin Invest. 2007 Nov; 117(11):3258-70.
  View in: PubMed
 
53. Kim BH, Jun YC, Jin JK, Kim JI, Kim NH, Leibold EA, Connor JR, Choi EK, Carp RI, Kim YS. Alteration of iron regulatory proteins (IRP1 and IRP2) and ferritin in the brains of scrapie-infected mice. Neurosci Lett. 2007 Jul 18; 422(3):158-63.
  View in: PubMed
 
54. Meadowcroft MD, Zhang S, Liu W, Park BS, Connor JR, Collins CM, Smith MB, Yang QX. Direct magnetic resonance imaging of histological tissue samples at 3.0T. Magn Reson Med. 2007 May; 57(5):835-41.
  View in: PubMed
 
55. Ward KL, Tkac I, Jing Y, Felt B, Beard J, Connor J, Schallert T, Georgieff MK, Rao R. Gestational and lactational iron deficiency alters the developing striatal metabolome and associated behaviors in young rats. J Nutr. 2007 Apr; 137(4):1043-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
56. Foglieni B, Ferrari F, Goldwurm S, Santambrogio P, Castiglioni E, Sessa M, Volontè MA, Lalli S, Galli C, Wang XS, Connor J, Sironi F, Canesi M, Biasiotto G, Pezzoli G, Levi S, Ferrari M, Arosio P, Cremonesi L. Analysis of ferritin genes in Parkinson disease. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2007; 45(11):1450-6.
  View in: PubMed
 
57. House MJ, St Pierre TG, Kowdley KV, Montine T, Connor J, Beard J, Berger J, Siddaiah N, Shankland E, Jin LW. Correlation of proton transverse relaxation rates (R2) with iron concentrations in postmortem brain tissue from alzheimer's disease patients. Magn Reson Med. 2007 Jan; 57(1):172-80.
  View in: PubMed
 
58. Lee SY, Patton SM, Henderson RJ, Connor JR. Consequences of expressing mutants of the hemochromatosis gene (HFE) into a human neuronal cell line lacking endogenous HFE. FASEB J. 2007 Feb; 21(2):564-76.
  View in: PubMed
 
59. Wang XS, Simmons Z, Liu W, Boyer PJ, Connor JR. Differential expression of genes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis revealed by profiling the post mortem cortex. Amyotroph Lateral Scler. 2006 Dec; 7(4):201-10.
  View in: PubMed
 
60. Madhankumar AB, Slagle-Webb B, Mintz A, Sheehan JM, Connor JR. Interleukin-13 receptor-targeted nanovesicles are a potential therapy for glioblastoma multiforme. Mol Cancer Ther. 2006 Dec; 5(12):3162-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
61. Connor JR, Lee SY. HFE mutations and Alzheimer's disease. J Alzheimers Dis. 2006 Nov; 10(2-3):267-76.
  View in: PubMed
 
62. Zinnanti WJ, Lazovic J, Wolpert EB, Antonetti DA, Smith MB, Connor JR, Woontner M, Goodman SI, Cheng KC. New insights for glutaric aciduria type I. Brain. 2006 Aug; 129(Pt 8):e55.
  View in: PubMed
 
63. Ill AM, Mitchell TR, Neely EB, Connor JR. Metabolic analysis of mouse brains that have compromised iron storage. Metab Brain Dis. 2006 Sep; 21(2-3):77-87.
  View in: PubMed
 
64. Clardy SL, Wang X, Boyer PJ, Earley CJ, Allen RP, Connor JR. Is ferroportin-hepcidin signaling altered in restless legs syndrome? J Neurol Sci. 2006 Sep 25; 247(2):173-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
65. Felt BT, Beard JL, Schallert T, Shao J, Aldridge JW, Connor JR, Georgieff MK, Lozoff B. Persistent neurochemical and behavioral abnormalities in adulthood despite early iron supplementation for perinatal iron deficiency anemia in rats. Behav Brain Res. 2006 Aug 10; 171(2):261-70.
  View in: PubMed
 
66. Lozoff B, Beard J, Connor J, Barbara F, Georgieff M, Schallert T. Long-lasting neural and behavioral effects of iron deficiency in infancy. Nutr Rev. 2006 May; 64(5 Pt 2):S34-43; discussion S72-91.
  View in: PubMed
 
67. Beard JL, Felt B, Schallert T, Burhans M, Connor JR, Georgieff MK. Moderate iron deficiency in infancy: biology and behavior in young rats. Behav Brain Res. 2006 Jun 30; 170(2):224-32.
  View in: PubMed
 
68. Clardy SL, Earley CJ, Allen RP, Beard JL, Connor JR. Ferritin subunits in CSF are decreased in restless legs syndrome. J Lab Clin Med. 2006 Feb; 147(2):67-73.
  View in: PubMed
 
69. Zinnanti WJ, Lazovic J, Wolpert EB, Antonetti DA, Smith MB, Connor JR, Woontner M, Goodman SI, Cheng KC. A diet-induced mouse model for glutaric aciduria type I. Brain. 2006 Apr; 129(Pt 4):899-910.
  View in: PubMed
 
70. Huang E, Ong WY, Go ML, Connor JR. Upregulation of iron regulatory proteins and divalent metal transporter-1 isoforms in the rat hippocampus after kainate induced neuronal injury. Exp Brain Res. 2006 Apr; 170(3):376-86.
  View in: PubMed
 
71. Zhang X, Haaf M, Todorich B, Grosstephan E, Schieremberg H, Surguladze N, Connor JR. Cytokine toxicity to oligodendrocyte precursors is mediated by iron. Glia. 2005 Nov 15; 52(3):199-208.
  View in: PubMed
 
72. Siddiq A, Ayoub IA, Chavez JC, Aminova L, Shah S, LaManna JC, Patton SM, Connor JR, Cherny RA, Volitakis I, Bush AI, Langsetmo I, Seeley T, Gunzler V, Ratan RR. Hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl 4-hydroxylase inhibition. A target for neuroprotection in the central nervous system. J Biol Chem. 2005 Dec 16; 280(50):41732-43.
  View in: PubMed
 
73. Patton SM, Piñero DJ, Surguladze N, Beard J, Connor JR. Subcellular localization of iron regulatory proteins to Golgi and ER membranes. J Cell Sci. 2005 Oct 1; 118(Pt 19):4365-73.
  View in: PubMed
 
74. Earley CJ, Connor JR, Beard JL, Clardy SL, Allen RP. Ferritin levels in the cerebrospinal fluid and restless legs syndrome: effects of different clinical phenotypes. Sleep. 2005 Sep; 28(9):1069-75.
  View in: PubMed
 
75. Surguladze N, Patton S, Cozzi A, Fried MG, Connor JR. Characterization of nuclear ferritin and mechanism of translocation. Biochem J. 2005 Jun 15; 388(Pt 3):731-40.
  View in: PubMed
 
76. Lee SY, Connor JR. Regulation of Hfe by stress factors in BV-2 cells. Neurobiol Aging. 2005 Jun; 26(6):803-12.
  View in: PubMed
 
77. McEchron MD, Cheng AY, Liu H, Connor JR, Gilmartin MR. Perinatal nutritional iron deficiency permanently impairs hippocampus-dependent trace fear conditioning in rats. Nutr Neurosci. 2005 Jun; 8(3):195-206.
  View in: PubMed
 
78. Beard JL, Wiesinger JA, Li N, Connor JR. Brain iron uptake in hypotransferrinemic mice: influence of systemic iron status. J Neurosci Res. 2005 Jan 1-15; 79(1-2):254-61.
  View in: PubMed
 
79. Wang XS, Lee S, Simmons Z, Boyer P, Scott K, Liu W, Connor J. Increased incidence of the Hfe mutation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and related cellular consequences. J Neurol Sci. 2004 Dec 15; 227(1):27-33.
  View in: PubMed
 
80. Henderson RJ, Patton SM, Connor JR. Development of a fluorescent reporter to assess iron regulatory protein activity in living cells. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2005 Mar 22; 1743(1-2):162-8.
  View in: PubMed
 
81. Zecca L, Youdim MB, Riederer P, Connor JR, Crichton RR. Iron, brain ageing and neurodegenerative disorders. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2004 Nov; 5(11):863-73.
  View in: PubMed
 
82. Knutson M, Menzies S, Connor J, Wessling-Resnick M. Developmental, regional, and cellular expression of SFT/UbcH5A and DMT1 mRNA in brain. J Neurosci Res. 2004 Jun 1; 76(5):633-41.
  View in: PubMed
 
83. Wang X, Wiesinger J, Beard J, Felt B, Menzies S, Earley C, Allen R, Connor J. Thy1 expression in the brain is affected by iron and is decreased in Restless Legs Syndrome. J Neurol Sci. 2004 May 15; 220(1-2):59-66.
  View in: PubMed
 
84. Connor JR, Wang XS, Patton SM, Menzies SL, Troncoso JC, Earley CJ, Allen RP. Decreased transferrin receptor expression by neuromelanin cells in restless legs syndrome. Neurology. 2004 May 11; 62(9):1563-7.
  View in: PubMed
 
85. Todorich BM, Connor JR. Redox metals in Alzheimer's disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2004 Mar; 1012:171-8.
  View in: PubMed
 
86. Surguladze N, Thompson KM, Beard JL, Connor JR, Fried MG. Interactions and reactions of ferritin with DNA. J Biol Chem. 2004 Apr 9; 279(15):14694-702.
  View in: PubMed
 
87. Connor JR. Myelin breakdown in Alzheimer's disease: a commentary. Neurobiol Aging. 2004 Jan; 25(1):45-7.
  View in: PubMed
 
88. Burdo JR, Simpson IA, Menzies S, Beard J, Connor JR. Regulation of the profile of iron-management proteins in brain microvasculature. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2004 Jan; 24(1):67-74.
  View in: PubMed
 
89. Beard JL, Wiesinger JA, Connor JR. Pre- and postweaning iron deficiency alters myelination in Sprague-Dawley rats. Dev Neurosci. 2003 Sep-Oct; 25(5):308-15.
  View in: PubMed
 
90. Connor JR, Boyer PJ, Menzies SL, Dellinger B, Allen RP, Ondo WG, Earley CJ. Neuropathological examination suggests impaired brain iron acquisition in restless legs syndrome. Neurology. 2003 Aug 12; 61(3):304-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
91. Saleh MC, Espinosa de los Monteros A, de Arriba Zerpa GA, Fontaine I, Piaud O, Djordjijevic D, Baroukh N, Garcia Otin AL, Ortiz E, Lewis S, Fiette L, Santambrogio P, Belzung C, Connor JR, de Vellis J, Pasquini JM, Zakin MM, Baron B, Guillou F. Myelination and motor coordination are increased in transferrin transgenic mice. J Neurosci Res. 2003 Jun 1; 72(5):587-94.
  View in: PubMed
 
92. Beard JL, Connor JR. Iron status and neural functioning. Annu Rev Nutr. 2003; 23:41-58.
  View in: PubMed
 
93. Connor JR. Iron transport proteins in the diseased brain. J Neurol Sci. 2003 Mar 15; 207(1-2):112-3.
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94. Siddappa AJ, Rao RB, Wobken JD, Casperson K, Leibold EA, Connor JR, Georgieff MK. Iron deficiency alters iron regulatory protein and iron transport protein expression in the perinatal rat brain. Pediatr Res. 2003 May; 53(5):800-7.
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95. Burdo JR, Connor JR. Brain iron uptake and homeostatic mechanisms: an overview. Biometals. 2003 Mar; 16(1):63-75.
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96. Han J, Day JR, Connor JR, Beard JL. Gene expression of transferrin and transferrin receptor in brains of control vs. iron-deficient rats. Nutr Neurosci. 2003 Feb; 6(1):1-10.
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97. Thompson K, Menzies S, Muckenthaler M, Torti FM, Wood T, Torti SV, Hentze MW, Beard J, Connor J. Mouse brains deficient in H-ferritin have normal iron concentration but a protein profile of iron deficiency and increased evidence of oxidative stress. J Neurosci Res. 2003 Jan 1; 71(1):46-63.
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98. Han J, Day JR, Connor JR, Beard JL. H and L ferritin subunit mRNA expression differs in brains of control and iron-deficient rats. J Nutr. 2002 Sep; 132(9):2769-74.
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99. Wang XS, Ong WY, Connor JR. A light and electron microscopic study of divalent metal transporter-1 distribution in the rat hippocampus, after kainate-induced neuronal injury. Exp Neurol. 2002 Sep; 177(1):193-201.
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100. Zywicke HA, van Gelderen P, Connor JR, Burdo JR, Garrick MD, Dolan KG, Frank JA, Bulte JW. Microscopic R2* mapping of reduced brain iron in the Belgrade rat. Ann Neurol. 2002 Jul; 52(1):102-5.
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101. Siddappa AJ, Rao RB, Wobken JD, Leibold EA, Connor JR, Georgieff MK. Developmental changes in the expression of iron regulatory proteins and iron transport proteins in the perinatal rat brain. J Neurosci Res. 2002 Jun 15; 68(6):761-75.
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102. Thompson KJ, Fried MG, Ye Z, Boyer P, Connor JR. Regulation, mechanisms and proposed function of ferritin translocation to cell nuclei. J Cell Sci. 2002 May 15; 115(Pt 10):2165-77.
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103. Robb SJ, Connor JR. Nitric oxide protects astrocytes from oxidative stress. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2002 May; 962:93-102.
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104. Malecki EA, Cable EE, Isom HC, Connor JR. The lipophilic iron compound TMH-ferrocene [(3,5,5-trimethylhexanoyl)ferrocene] increases iron concentrations, neuronal L-ferritin, and heme oxygenase in brains of BALB/c mice. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2002 Apr; 86(1):73-84.
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105. Takeda A, Takatsuka K, Connor JR, Oku N. Abnormal iron delivery to the bone marrow in neonatal hypotransferrinemic mice. Biometals. 2002 Mar; 15(1):33-6.
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106. Piñero DJ, Li N, Hu J, Beard JL, Connor JR. The intracellular location of iron regulatory proteins is altered as a function of iron status in cell cultures and rat brain. J Nutr. 2001 Nov; 131(11):2831-6.
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107. Connor JR, Menzies SL, Burdo JR, Boyer PJ. Iron and iron management proteins in neurobiology. Pediatr Neurol. 2001 Aug; 25(2):118-29.
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108. Thompson KJ, Shoham S, Connor JR. Iron and neurodegenerative disorders. Brain Res Bull. 2001 May 15; 55(2):155-64.
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109. Piñero DJ, Hu J, Connor JR. Alterations in the interaction between iron regulatory proteins and their iron responsive element in normal and Alzheimer's diseased brains. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2000 Jun; 46(4):761-76.
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110. Han J, Day JR, Thomson K, Connor JR, Beard JL. Iron deficiency alters H- and L-ferritin expression in rat brain. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2000 May; 46(3):517-28.
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111. Palmer C, Menzies SL, Roberts RL, Pavlick G, Connor JR. Changes in iron histochemistry after hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in the neonatal rat. J Neurosci Res. 1999 Apr 1; 56(1):60-71.
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112. Robb SJ, Connor JR. An in vitro model for analysis of oxidative death in primary mouse astrocytes. Brain Res. 1998 Mar 30; 788(1-2):125-32.
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113. Cable EE, Connor JR, Isom HC. Accumulation of iron by primary rat hepatocytes in long-term culture: changes in nuclear shape mediated by non-transferrin-bound forms of iron. Am J Pathol. 1998 Mar; 152(3):781-92.
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114. Focht SJ, Snyder BS, Beard JL, Van Gelder W, Williams LR, Connor JR. Regional distribution of iron, transferrin, ferritin, and oxidatively-modified proteins in young and aged Fischer 344 rat brains. Neuroscience. 1997 Jul; 79(1):255-61.
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115. Hu J, Connor JR. Demonstration and characterization of the iron regulatory protein in human brain. J Neurochem. 1996 Aug; 67(2):838-44.
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116. Connor JR, Roskams AJ, Menzies SL, Williams ME. Transferrin in the central nervous system of the shiverer mouse myelin mutant. J Neurosci Res. 1993 Dec 1; 36(5):501-7.
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117. Bartlett WP, Li XS, Connor JR. Expression of transferrin mRNA in the CNS of normal and jimpy mice. J Neurochem. 1991 Jul; 57(1):318-22.
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118. Lin HH, Snyder BS, Connor JR. Transferrin expression in myelinated and non-myelinated peripheral nerves. Brain Res. 1990 Sep 3; 526(2):217-20.
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119. Connor JR, Menzies SL. Altered cellular distribution of iron in the central nervous system of myelin deficient rats. Neuroscience. 1990; 34(1):265-71.
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120. Gerber MR, Connor JR. Do oligodendrocytes mediate iron regulation in the human brain? Ann Neurol. 1989 Jul; 26(1):95-8.
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121. Diamond MC, Connor JR. Plasticity of the aging cerebral cortex. Exp Brain Res. 1982; Suppl 5:36-44.
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122. Connor JR, Diamond MC, Johnson RE. Aging and environmental influences on two types of dendritic spines in the rat occipital cortex. Exp Neurol. 1980 Nov; 70(2):371-9.
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123. Connor JR, Diamond MC, Johnson RE. Occipital cortical morphology of the rat: alterations with age and environment. Exp Neurol. 1980 Apr; 68(1):158-70.
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Keyword
Last Name
Institution
    
 
 
 
Keywords   
Iron
Histocompatibility Antigens Class I
Ferritins
Restless Legs Syndrome
Brain
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Co-Authors  
Lee, Sang
Patton, Stephanie
Simmons, Zachary
Smith, Michael
Yang, Qing
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