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Alexandros Vgontzas
Title Professor
Institution College of Medicine
Department Psychiatry
Address 500 University Drive Hershey PA 17033
Telephone 7175318520
Email
Background
PREFERRED TITLE/ROLE:

Physician, Professor of Psychiatry

EDUCATION:

Fellowship, Sleep Medicine, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center (1989)
Residency, Psychiatry, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center (1988)
M.D., Faculty of Medicine - University of Athens (1978)
Publications
1. Fernandez-Mendoza J, Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO, Liao D. Response to poor sleep with normal sleep duration: a preventive effect on incident hypertension. Hypertension. 2013 Feb; 61(2):e12.
  View in: PubMed
 
2. Fernandez-Mendoza J, Vgontzas AN, Liao D, Shaffer ML, Vela-Bueno A, Basta M, Bixler EO. Insomnia with objective short sleep duration and incident hypertension: the Penn State Cohort. Hypertension. 2012 Oct; 60(4):929-35.
  View in: PubMed
 
3. Kritikou I, Basta M, Tappouni R, Pejovic S, Fernandez-Mendoza J, Nazir R, Shaffer ML, Liao D, Bixler EO, Chrousos GP, Vgontzas AN. Sleep apnoea and visceral adiposity in middle-aged male and female subjects. Eur Respir J. 2013 Mar; 41(3):601-9.
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4. Calhoun SL, Fernandez-Mendoza J, Vgontzas AN, Mayes SD, Tsaoussoglou M, Rodriguez-Muñoz A, Bixler EO. Learning, attention/hyperactivity, and conduct problems as sequelae of excessive daytime sleepiness in a general population study of young children. Sleep. 2012 May; 35(5):627-32.
  View in: PubMed
 
5. Fernandez-Mendoza J, Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO, Singareddy R, Shaffer ML, Calhoun SL, Karataraki M, Vela-Bueno A, Liao D. Clinical and polysomnographic predictors of the natural history of poor sleep in the general population. Sleep. 2012 May; 35(5):689-97.
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6. Singareddy R, Vgontzas AN, Fernandez-Mendoza J, Liao D, Calhoun S, Shaffer ML, Bixler EO. Risk factors for incident chronic insomnia: a general population prospective study. Sleep Med. 2012 Apr; 13(4):346-53.
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7. Vgontzas AN, Fernandez-Mendoza J, Bixler EO, Singareddy R, Shaffer ML, Calhoun SL, Liao D, Basta M, Chrousos GP. Persistent insomnia: the role of objective short sleep duration and mental health. Sleep. 2012 Jan; 35(1):61-8.
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8. Fernandez-Mendoza J, Rodriguez-Muñoz A, Vela-Bueno A, Olavarrieta-Bernardino S, Calhoun SL, Bixler EO, Vgontzas AN. The Spanish version of the Insomnia Severity Index: a confirmatory factor analysis. Sleep Med. 2012 Feb; 13(2):207-10.
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9. Tselebis A, Bratis D, Kosmas E, Harikiopoulou M, Theodorakopoulou E, Dumitru S, Moussas G, Karkanias A, Ilias I, Siafakas N, Vgontzas A, Tzanakis N. Psychological symptom patterns and vital exhaustion in outpatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2011; 10:32.
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10. Vgontzas AN, Fernandez-Mendoza J. Is there a link between mild sleep disordered breathing and psychiatric and psychosomatic disorders? Sleep Med Rev. 2011 Dec; 15(6):403-5; discussion 407-9.
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11. Calhoun SL, Vgontzas AN, Fernandez-Mendoza J, Mayes SD, Tsaoussoglou M, Basta M, Bixler EO. Prevalence and risk factors of excessive daytime sleepiness in a community sample of young children: the role of obesity, asthma, anxiety/depression, and sleep. Sleep. 2011 Apr; 34(4):503-7.
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12. Li X, Shaffer ML, Rodríguez-Colón SM, He F, Bixler EO, Vgontzas AN, Wolbrette DL, Wu C, Ball RW, Liao D. Systemic inflammation and circadian rhythm of cardiac autonomic modulation. Auton Neurosci. 2011 Jul 5; 162(1-2):72-6.
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13. Rodríguez-Colón SM, Li X, Shaffer ML, He F, Bixler EO, Vgontzas AN, Cai J, Liao D. Insulin resistance and circadian rhythm of cardiac autonomic modulation. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2010; 9:85.
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14. Pejovic S, Vgontzas AN, Basta M, Tsaoussoglou M, Zoumakis E, Vgontzas A, Bixler EO, Chrousos GP. Leptin and hunger levels in young healthy adults after one night of sleep loss. J Sleep Res. 2010 Dec; 19(4):552-8.
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15. He F, Shaffer ML, Rodriguez-Colon S, Bixler EO, Vgontzas AN, Williams RW, Wu R, Cascio WE, Liao D. Acute effects of fine particulate air pollution on ST segment height: a longitudinal study. Environ Health. 2010; 9:68.
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16. Fernandez-Mendoza J, Calhoun SL, Bixler EO, Karataraki M, Liao D, Vela-Bueno A, Jose Ramos-Platon M, Sauder KA, Basta M, Vgontzas AN. Sleep misperception and chronic insomnia in the general population: role of objective sleep duration and psychological profiles. Psychosom Med. 2011 Jan; 73(1):88-97.
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17. Rodríguez-Colón SM, Bixler EO, Li X, Vgontzas AN, Liao D. Obesity is associated with impaired cardiac autonomic modulation in children. Int J Pediatr Obes. 2011 Apr; 6(2):128-34.
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18. Vgontzas AN, Liao D, Pejovic S, Calhoun S, Karataraki M, Basta M, Fernández-Mendoza J, Bixler EO. Insomnia with short sleep duration and mortality: the Penn State cohort. Sleep. 2010 Sep; 33(9):1159-64.
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19. Singareddy R, Bixler EO, Vgontzas AN. Fatigue or daytime sleepiness? J Clin Sleep Med. 2010 Aug 15; 6(4):405.
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20. Calhoun SL, Vgontzas AN, Mayes SD, Tsaoussoglou M, Sauder K, Mahr F, Karippot A, Wisner K, Bixler EO. Prenatal and perinatal complications: is it the link between race and SES and childhood sleep disordered breathing? J Clin Sleep Med. 2010 Jun 15; 6(3):264-9.
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21. Kaltsas G, Vgontzas A, Chrousos G. Fatigue, endocrinopathies, and metabolic disorders. PM R. 2010 May; 2(5):393-8.
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22. Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO, Basta M. Obesity and sleep: a bidirectional association? Sleep. 2010 May; 33(5):573-4.
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23. Tselebis A, Kosmas E, Bratis D, Moussas G, Karkanias A, Ilias I, Siafakas N, Vgontzas A, Tzanakis N. Prevalence of alexithymia and its association with anxiety and depression in a sample of Greek chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) outpatients. Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2010; 9:16.
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24. Fernández-Mendoza J, Vela-Bueno A, Vgontzas AN, Ramos-Platón MJ, Olavarrieta-Bernardino S, Bixler EO, De la Cruz-Troca JJ. Cognitive-emotional hyperarousal as a premorbid characteristic of individuals vulnerable to insomnia. Psychosom Med. 2010 May; 72(4):397-403.
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25. Fernandez-Mendoza J, Calhoun S, Bixler EO, Pejovic S, Karataraki M, Liao D, Vela-Bueno A, Ramos-Platon MJ, Sauder KA, Vgontzas AN. Insomnia with objective short sleep duration is associated with deficits in neuropsychological performance: a general population study. Sleep. 2010 Apr; 33(4):459-65.
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26. Liao D, Li X, Rodriguez-Colon SM, Liu J, Vgontzas AN, Calhoun S, Bixler EO. Sleep-disordered breathing and cardiac autonomic modulation in children. Sleep Med. 2010 May; 11(5):484-8.
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27. Liao D, Li X, Vgontzas AN, Liu J, Rodriguez-Colon S, Calhoun S, Bixler EO. Sleep-disordered breathing in children is associated with impairment of sleep stage-specific shift of cardiac autonomic modulation. J Sleep Res. 2010 Jun; 19(2):358-65.
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28. Singareddy R, Moole S, Calhoun S, Vocalan P, Tsaoussoglou M, Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO. Medical complaints are more common in young school-aged children with parent reported insomnia symptoms. J Clin Sleep Med. 2009 Dec 15; 5(6):549-53.
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29. Vgontzas AN, Liao D, Bixler EO. Insomnia and hypertension. Sleep. 2009 Dec; 32(12):1547.
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30. Tsaoussoglou M, Bixler EO, Calhoun S, Chrousos GP, Sauder K, Vgontzas AN. Sleep-disordered breathing in obese children is associated with prevalent excessive daytime sleepiness, inflammation, and metabolic abnormalities. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010 Jan; 95(1):143-50.
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31. Vgontzas AN, Liao D, Pejovic S, Calhoun S, Karataraki M, Bixler EO. Insomnia with objective short sleep duration is associated with type 2 diabetes: A population-based study. Diabetes Care. 2009 Nov; 32(11):1980-5.
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32. Calhoun SL, Mayes SD, Vgontzas AN, Tsaoussoglou M, Shifflett LJ, Bixler EO. No relationship between neurocognitive functioning and mild sleep disordered breathing in a community sample of children. J Clin Sleep Med. 2009 Jun 15; 5(3):228-34.
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33. Bixler EO, Vgontzas AN, Lin HM, Liao D, Calhoun S, Vela-Bueno A, Fedok F, Vlasic V, Graff G. Sleep disordered breathing in children in a general population sample: prevalence and risk factors. Sleep. 2009 Jun; 32(6):731-6.
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34. Vgontzas AN, Liao D, Bixler EO, Chrousos GP, Vela-Bueno A. Insomnia with objective short sleep duration is associated with a high risk for hypertension. Sleep. 2009 Apr; 32(4):491-7.
  View in: PubMed
 
35. Fernández-Mendoza J, Vela-Bueno A, Vgontzas AN, Olavarrieta-Bernardino S, Ramos-Platón MJ, Bixler EO, De la Cruz-Troca JJ. Nighttime sleep and daytime functioning correlates of the insomnia complaint in young adults. J Adolesc. 2009 Oct; 32(5):1059-74.
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36. Bixler EO, Papaliaga MN, Vgontzas AN, Lin HM, Pejovic S, Karataraki M, Vela-Bueno A, Chrousos GP. Women sleep objectively better than men and the sleep of young women is more resilient to external stressors: effects of age and menopause. J Sleep Res. 2009 Jun; 18(2):221-8.
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37. Bixler EO, Vgontzas AN, Lin HM, Liao D, Calhoun S, Fedok F, Vlasic V, Graff G. Blood pressure associated with sleep-disordered breathing in a population sample of children. Hypertension. 2008 Nov; 52(5):841-6.
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38. Vgontzas AN. Does obesity play a major role in the pathogenesis of sleep apnoea and its associated manifestations via inflammation, visceral adiposity, and insulin resistance? Arch Physiol Biochem. 2008 Oct; 114(4):211-23.
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39. Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO, Chrousos GP, Pejovic S. Obesity and sleep disturbances: meaningful sub-typing of obesity. Arch Physiol Biochem. 2008 Oct; 114(4):224-36.
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40. Phillips BA, Collop NA, Drake C, Consens F, Vgontzas AN, Weaver TE. Sleep disorders and medical conditions in women. Proceedings of the Women & Sleep Workshop, National Sleep Foundation, Washington, DC, March 5-6, 2007. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2008 Sep; 17(7):1191-9.
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41. Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO. Short sleep and obesity: are poor sleep, chronic stress, and unhealthy behaviors the link? Sleep. 2008 Sep; 31(9):1203.
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42. Vela-Bueno A, Fernandez-Mendoza J, Olavarrieta-Bernardino S, Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO, de la Cruz-Troca JJ, Rodriguez-Muñoz A, Oliván-Palacios J. Sleep and behavioral correlates of napping among young adults: a survey of first-year university students in Madrid, Spain. J Am Coll Health. 2008 Sep-Oct; 57(2):150-8.
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43. Mayes SD, Calhoun SL, Bixler EO, Vgontzas AN, Mahr F, Hillwig-Garcia J, Elamir B, Edhere-Ekezie L, Parvin M. ADHD subtypes and comorbid anxiety, depression, and oppositional-defiant disorder: differences in sleep problems. J Pediatr Psychol. 2009 Apr; 34(3):328-37.
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44. Vgontzas AN, Zoumakis E, Bixler EO, Lin HM, Collins B, Basta M, Pejovic S, Chrousos GP. Selective effects of CPAP on sleep apnoea-associated manifestations. Eur J Clin Invest. 2008 Aug; 38(8):585-95.
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45. Vgontzas AN. Excessive daytime sleepiness in sleep apnea: it is not just apnea hypopnea index. Sleep Med. 2008 Oct; 9(7):712-4.
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46. Mayes SD, Calhoun SL, Bixler EO, Vgontzas AN. Nonsignificance of sleep relative to IQ and neuropsychological scores in predicting academic achievement. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2008 Jun; 29(3):206-12.
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47. Guan Z, Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO, Fang J. Sleep is increased by weight gain and decreased by weight loss in mice. Sleep. 2008 May; 31(5):627-33.
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48. Vela-Bueno A, Moreno-Jiménez B, Rodríguez-Muñoz A, Olavarrieta-Bernardino S, Fernández-Mendoza J, De la Cruz-Troca JJ, Bixler EO, Vgontzas AN. Insomnia and sleep quality among primary care physicians with low and high burnout levels. J Psychosom Res. 2008 Apr; 64(4):435-42.
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49. Basta M, Lin HM, Pejovic S, Sarrigiannidis A, Bixler E, Vgontzas AN. Lack of regular exercise, depression, and degree of apnea are predictors of excessive daytime sleepiness in patients with sleep apnea: sex differences. J Clin Sleep Med. 2008 Feb 15; 4(1):19-25.
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50. Vgontzas AN, Lin HM, Papaliaga M, Calhoun S, Vela-Bueno A, Chrousos GP, Bixler EO. Short sleep duration and obesity: the role of emotional stress and sleep disturbances. Int J Obes (Lond). 2008 May; 32(5):801-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
51. Kapsimalis F, Basta M, Varouchakis G, Gourgoulianis K, Vgontzas A, Kryger M. Cytokines and pathological sleep. Sleep Med. 2008 Aug; 9(6):603-14.
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52. Vgontzas AN, Pejovic S, Zoumakis E, Lin HM, Bentley CM, Bixler EO, Sarrigiannidis A, Basta M, Chrousos GP. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity in obese men with and without sleep apnea: effects of continuous positive airway pressure therapy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Nov; 92(11):4199-207.
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53. Vgontzas AN, Basta M. Board Review Corner: the case of the sleepy middle-aged woman. J Clin Sleep Med. 2007 Feb 15; 3(1):85; author reply 86.
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54. Basta M, Vgontzas AN. Metabolic abnormalities in obesity and sleep apnea are in a continuum. Sleep Med. 2007 Jan; 8(1):5-7.
  View in: PubMed
 
55. Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO, Chrousos GP. Obesity-related sleepiness and fatigue: the role of the stress system and cytokines. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006 Nov; 1083:329-44.
  View in: PubMed
 
56. Vgontzas AN, Pejovic S, Zoumakis E, Lin HM, Bixler EO, Basta M, Fang J, Sarrigiannidis A, Chrousos GP. Daytime napping after a night of sleep loss decreases sleepiness, improves performance, and causes beneficial changes in cortisol and interleukin-6 secretion. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Jan; 292(1):E253-61.
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57. Vgontzas AN, Trakada G, Bixler EO, Lin HM, Pejovic S, Zoumakis E, Chrousos GP, Legro RS. Plasma interleukin 6 levels are elevated in polycystic ovary syndrome independently of obesity or sleep apnea. Metabolism. 2006 Aug; 55(8):1076-82.
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58. Jenkins JB, Omori T, Guan Z, Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO, Fang J. Sleep is increased in mice with obesity induced by high-fat food. Physiol Behav. 2006 Feb 28; 87(2):255-62.
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59. Guan Z, Vgontzas AN, Omori T, Peng X, Bixler EO, Fang J. Interleukin-6 levels fluctuate with the light-dark cycle in the brain and peripheral tissues in rats. Brain Behav Immun. 2005 Nov; 19(6):526-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
60. Vgontzas AN. The diagnosis and treatment of chronic insomnia in adults. Sleep. 2005 Sep; 28(9):1047-8.
  View in: PubMed
 
61. Bixler EO, Vgontzas AN, Lin HM, Calhoun SL, Vela-Bueno A, Kales A. Excessive daytime sleepiness in a general population sample: the role of sleep apnea, age, obesity, diabetes, and depression. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Aug; 90(8):4510-5.
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62. Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO, Chrousos GP. Sleep apnea is a manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. Sleep Med Rev. 2005 Jun; 9(3):211-24.
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63. Gold PW, Wong ML, Goldstein DS, Gold HK, Ronsaville DS, Esler M, Alesci S, Masood A, Licinio J, Geracioti TD, Perini G, DeBellis MD, Holmes C, Vgontzas AN, Charney DS, Chrousos GP, McCann SM, Kling MA. Cardiac implications of increased arterial entry and reversible 24-h central and peripheral norepinephrine levels in melancholia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Jun 7; 102(23):8303-8.
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64. Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO, Lin HM, Prolo P, Trakada G, Chrousos GP. IL-6 and its circadian secretion in humans. Neuroimmunomodulation. 2005; 12(3):131-40.
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65. Vgontzas AN, Zoumakis E, Lin HM, Bixler EO, Trakada G, Chrousos GP. Marked decrease in sleepiness in patients with sleep apnea by etanercept, a tumor necrosis factor-alpha antagonist. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Sep; 89(9):4409-13.
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66. Vgontzas AN, Zoumakis E, Bixler EO, Lin HM, Follett H, Kales A, Chrousos GP. Adverse effects of modest sleep restriction on sleepiness, performance, and inflammatory cytokines. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 May; 89(5):2119-26.
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67. Papanicolaou DA, Amsterdam JD, Levine S, McCann SM, Moore RC, Newbrand CH, Allen G, Nisenbaum R, Pfaff DW, Tsokos GC, Vgontzas AN, Kales A. Neuroendocrine aspects of chronic fatigue syndrome. Neuroimmunomodulation. 2004; 11(2):65-74.
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68. Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO, Chrousos GP. Metabolic disturbances in obesity versus sleep apnoea: the importance of visceral obesity and insulin resistance. J Intern Med. 2003 Jul; 254(1):32-44.
  View in: PubMed
 
69. Vgontzas AN, Zoumakis M, Bixler EO, Lin HM, Prolo P, Vela-Bueno A, Kales A, Chrousos GP. Impaired nighttime sleep in healthy old versus young adults is associated with elevated plasma interleukin-6 and cortisol levels: physiologic and therapeutic implications. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003 May; 88(5):2087-95.
  View in: PubMed
 
70. Vgontzas AN, Chrousos GP. Sleep-disordered breathing, sleepiness, and insulin resistance: is the latter a consequence, a pathogenetic factor, or both? Sleep Med. 2002 Sep; 3(5):389-91.
  View in: PubMed
 
71. Vgontzas AN, Zoumakis M, Papanicolaou DA, Bixler EO, Prolo P, Lin HM, Vela-Bueno A, Kales A, Chrousos GP. Chronic insomnia is associated with a shift of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor secretion from nighttime to daytime. Metabolism. 2002 Jul; 51(7):887-92.
  View in: PubMed
 
72. Bixler EO, Vgontzas AN, Lin HM, Vela-Bueno A, Kales A. Insomnia in central Pennsylvania. J Psychosom Res. 2002 Jul; 53(1):589-92.
  View in: PubMed
 
73. Ilias I, Vgontzas AN, Provata A, Mastorakos G. Complexity and non-linear description of diurnal cortisol and growth hormone secretory patterns before and after sleep deprivation. Endocr Regul. 2002 Jun; 36(2):63-72.
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74. Vgontzas AN, Chrousos GP. Sleep, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and cytokines: multiple interactions and disturbances in sleep disorders. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2002 Mar; 31(1):15-36.
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75. Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO, Lin HM, Prolo P, Mastorakos G, Vela-Bueno A, Kales A, Chrousos GP. Chronic insomnia is associated with nyctohemeral activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis: clinical implications. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001 Aug; 86(8):3787-94.
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76. Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO, Wittman AM, Zachman K, Lin HM, Vela-Bueno A, Kales A, Chrousos GP. Middle-aged men show higher sensitivity of sleep to the arousing effects of corticotropin-releasing hormone than young men: clinical implications. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001 Apr; 86(4):1489-95.
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77. Bixler EO, Vgontzas AN, Lin HM, Ten Have T, Rein J, Vela-Bueno A, Kales A. Prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in women: effects of gender. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001 Mar; 163(3 Pt 1):608-13.
  View in: PubMed
 
78. Vgontzas AN, Legro RS, Bixler EO, Grayev A, Kales A, Chrousos GP. Polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with obstructive sleep apnea and daytime sleepiness: role of insulin resistance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001 Feb; 86(2):517-20.
  View in: PubMed
 
79. Bixler EO, Vgontzas AN, Lin HM, Ten Have T, Leiby BE, Vela-Bueno A, Kales A. Association of hypertension and sleep-disordered breathing. Arch Intern Med. 2000 Aug 14-28; 160(15):2289-95.
  View in: PubMed
 
80. Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO, Papanicolaou DA, Chrousos GP. Chronic systemic inflammation in overweight and obese adults. JAMA. 2000 May 3; 283(17):2235; author reply 2236.
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81. Vgontzas AN, Papanicolaou DA, Bixler EO, Hopper K, Lotsikas A, Lin HM, Kales A, Chrousos GP. Sleep apnea and daytime sleepiness and fatigue: relation to visceral obesity, insulin resistance, and hypercytokinemia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000 Mar; 85(3):1151-8.
  View in: PubMed
 
82. Papanicolaou DA, Vgontzas AN. Interleukin-6: the endocrine cytokine. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000 Mar; 85(3):1331-3.
  View in: PubMed
 
83. Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO, Kales A, Criley C, Vela-Bueno A. Differences in nocturnal and daytime sleep between primary and psychiatric hypersomnia: diagnostic and treatment implications. Psychosom Med. 2000 Mar-Apr; 62(2):220-6.
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84. Vgontzas AN, Papanicolaou DA, Bixler EO, Lotsikas A, Zachman K, Kales A, Prolo P, Wong ML, Licinio J, Gold PW, Hermida RC, Mastorakos G, Chrousos GP. Circadian interleukin-6 secretion and quantity and depth of sleep. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999 Aug; 84(8):2603-7.
  View in: PubMed
 
85. Vgontzas AN, Mastorakos G, Bixler EO, Kales A, Gold PW, Chrousos GP. Sleep deprivation effects on the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and growth axes: potential clinical implications. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1999 Aug; 51(2):205-15.
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86. Vgontzas AN, Kales A. Sleep and its disorders. Annu Rev Med. 1999; 50:387-400.
  View in: PubMed
 
87. Vgontzas AN, Tsigos C, Bixler EO, Stratakis CA, Zachman K, Kales A, Vela-Bueno A, Chrousos GP. Chronic insomnia and activity of the stress system: a preliminary study. J Psychosom Res. 1998 Jul; 45(1):21-31.
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88. Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO, Tan TL, Kantner D, Martin LF, Kales A. Obesity without sleep apnea is associated with daytime sleepiness. Arch Intern Med. 1998 Jun 22; 158(12):1333-7.
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89. Bixler EO, Vgontzas AN, Ten Have T, Tyson K, Kales A. Effects of age on sleep apnea in men: I. Prevalence and severity. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1998 Jan; 157(1):144-8.
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90. Nowell PD, Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF, Hauri PJ, Roth T, Stepanski EJ, Thorpy MJ, Bixler E, Kales A, Manfredi RL, Vgontzas AN, Stapf DM, Houck PR, Kupfer DJ. Clinical factors contributing to the differential diagnosis of primary insomnia and insomnia related to mental disorders. Am J Psychiatry. 1997 Oct; 154(10):1412-6.
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91. Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO, Papanicolaou DA, Kales A, Stratakis CA, Vela-Bueno A, Gold PW, Chrousos GP. Rapid eye movement sleep correlates with the overall activities of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and sympathetic system in healthy humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997 Oct; 82(10):3278-80.
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92. Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF, Kupfer DJ, Thorpy MJ, Bixler E, Kales A, Manfredi R, Vgontzas A, Stepanski E, Roth T, Hauri P, Stapf D. Effects of diagnosis on treatment recommendations in chronic insomnia--a report from the APA/NIMH DSM-IV field trial. Sleep. 1997 Jul; 20(7):542-52.
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93. Vgontzas AN, Papanicolaou DA, Bixler EO, Kales A, Tyson K, Chrousos GP. Elevation of plasma cytokines in disorders of excessive daytime sleepiness: role of sleep disturbance and obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997 May; 82(5):1313-6.
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94. Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO, Kales A, Centurione A, Rogan PK, Mascari M, Vela-Bueno A. Daytime sleepiness and REM abnormalities in Prader-Willi syndrome: evidence of generalized hypoarousal. Int J Neurosci. 1996 Nov; 87(3-4):127-39.
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95. Vgontzas AN, Kales A, Seip J, Mascari MJ, Bixler EO, Myers DC, Vela-Bueno AV, Rogan PK. Relationship of sleep abnormalities to patient genotypes in Prader-Willi syndrome. Am J Med Genet. 1996 Sep 20; 67(5):478-82.
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96. Vgontzas AN, Sollenberger SE, Kales A, Bixler EO, Vela-Bueno A. Narcolepsy-cataplexy and loss of sphincter control. Postgrad Med J. 1996 Aug; 72(850):493-4.
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97. Kales A, Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO. A reassessment of triazolam. Int J Risk Saf Med. 1996; 9(1):7-27.
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98. Vgontzas AN, Kales A, Bixler EO. Benzodiazepine side effects: role of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Pharmacology. 1995 Oct; 51(4):205-23.
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99. Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO, Kales A, Vela-Bueno A. Prader-Willi syndrome: effects of weight loss on sleep-disordered breathing, daytime sleepiness and REM sleep disturbance. Acta Paediatr. 1995 Jul; 84(7):813-4.
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100. Vgontzas AN, Kales A, Bixler EO, Manfredi RL, Vela-Bueno A. Usefulness of polysomnographic studies in the differential diagnosis of insomnia. Int J Neurosci. 1995 May; 82(1-2):47-60.
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101. Vgontzas AN, Friedman TC, Chrousos GP, Bixler EO, Vela-Bueno A, Kales A. Delta sleep-inducing peptide in normal humans and in patients with sleep apnea and narcolepsy. Peptides. 1995; 16(6):1153-6.
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102. Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF, Kupfer DJ, Thorpy MJ, Bixler E, Manfredi R, Kales A, Vgontzas A, Stepanski E, Roth T, et al. Clinical diagnoses in 216 insomnia patients using the International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD), DSM-IV and ICD-10 categories: a report from the APA/NIMH DSM-IV Field Trial. Sleep. 1994 Oct; 17(7):630-7.
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103. Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF, Hauri PJ, Roth T, Stepanski EJ, Thorpy MJ, Bixler EO, Kales A, Manfredi RL, Vgontzas AN, et al. Diagnostic concordance for DSM-IV sleep disorders: a report from the APA/NIMH DSM-IV field trial. Am J Psychiatry. 1994 Sep; 151(9):1351-60.
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104. Vgontzas AN, Tan TL, Bixler EO, Martin LF, Shubert D, Kales A. Sleep apnea and sleep disruption in obese patients. Arch Intern Med. 1994 Aug 8; 154(15):1705-11.
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105. Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO, Kales A, Manfredi RL, Tyson K. Validity and clinical utility of sleep laboratory criteria for insomnia. Int J Neurosci. 1994 Jul; 77(1-2):11-21.
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106. Vgontzas AN, Kales A, Bixler EO, Myers DC. Temazepam 7.5 mg: effects on sleep in elderly insomniacs. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1994; 46(3):209-13.
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107. Kales A, Bixler EO, Vgontzas AN. Triazolam. The evidence against is extensive and consistent. BMJ. 1993 Sep 4; 307(6904):626.
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108. Vgontzas AN, Kales JD, Ballard JO, Vela-Bueno A, Tan TL. Porphyria and panic disorder with agoraphobia. Psychosomatics. 1993 Sep-Oct; 34(5):440-3.
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109. Kales A, Bixler EO, Vgontzas AN. Triazolam safety. Lancet. 1993 Jun 19; 341(8860):1602.
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110. Kales A, Bixler EO, Vgontzas AN. Triazolam. Weight of evidence supports increased risk. BMJ. 1993 May 29; 306(6890):1475.
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111. Kales A, Bixler EO, Vgontzas AN. Adverse events after triazolam substitution. Lancet. 1993 Feb 27; 341(8844):567-8.
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112. Kales A, Vgontzas AN. Predisposition to and development and persistence of chronic insomnia: importance of psychobehavioral factors. Arch Intern Med. 1992 Aug; 152(8):1570-2.
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113. Vgontzas AN, Kales A, Bixler EO, Manfredi RL, Tyson KL. Effects of lovastatin and pravastatin on sleep efficiency and sleep stages. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1991 Dec; 50(6):730-7.
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114. Bixler EO, Kales A, Manfredi RL, Vgontzas AN. Triazolam and memory loss. Lancet. 1991 Nov 30; 338(8779):1391-2.
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115. Manfredi RL, Kales A, Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO, Isaac MA, Falcone CM. Buspirone: sedative or stimulant effect? Am J Psychiatry. 1991 Sep; 148(9):1213-7.
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116. Bixler EO, Kales A, Manfredi RL, Vgontzas AN, Tyson KL, Kales JD. Triazolam. Lancet. 1991 Jun 29; 337(8757):1612.
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117. Kales A, Manfredi RL, Vgontzas AN, Baldassano CF, Kostakos K, Kales JD. Clonazepam: sleep laboratory study of efficacy and withdrawal. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1991 Jun; 11(3):189-93.
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118. Bixler EO, Kales A, Manfredi RL, Vgontzas AN, Tyson KL, Kales JD. Next-day memory impairment with triazolam use. Lancet. 1991 Apr 6; 337(8745):827-31.
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119. Kales A, Manfredi RL, Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO, Vela-Bueno A, Fee EC. Rebound insomnia after only brief and intermittent use of rapidly eliminated benzodiazepines. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1991 Apr; 49(4):468-76.
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120. Manfredi RL, Vgontzas A, Kales A. An update on sleep disorders. Bull Menninger Clin. 1989 May; 53(3):250-73.
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Keyword
Last Name
Institution
    
 
 
 
Keywords   
Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders
Sleep Apnea Syndromes
Obesity
Sleep
Sleep Disorders
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Co-Authors  
Bixler, Edward
Calhoun, Susan
Kales, Anthony
Liao, Duanping
Shaffer, Michele
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